Moreover, extensive in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that it not only effectively inhibits glioblastoma (GBM) cell proliferation but also potentiates the efficacy of temozolomide against chemotherapy resistance (Yin et al., 2021; Ahsan et al., 2023; Pak et al., 2025), while concurrently acting as a radiosensitizer for radiation-resistant CD133 (+) GBM cells (Ma et al., 2011). Here, PROM1 is linked to glioblastoma.