In recent years, the pathophysiological roles and mechanisms of orexins and their receptors in neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease, epilepsy, depression, hypersomnia, and cognitive impairment, have also attracted increasing attention (Carpi et al., 2024; Lu et al., 2025; Ten-Blanco et al., 2023) (Figure 1). Here, HCRT is linked to Alzheimer disease.