CXCR4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Similarly, Fahham et al. evaluated BKT140, a novel CXCR4 antagonist, in NSCLC cell lines and found that it inhibited proliferation, reduced colony formation, and delayed tumor growth in xenograft models, while also enhancing chemotherapy and radiotherapy responses, demonstrating its potential in combination therapy (Fahham et al., 2012).