CXCR4 and lung carcinoma: Furthermore, Lakhanpal et al. optimized radiolabeled plerixafor (plerixafor-DTPA, plerixafor-NOTA) with 68Ga and 177Lu for PET/CT imaging and targeted therapy, showing that 68Ga-plerixafor PET/CT successfully identified CXCR4-expressing lung lesions, correlating with 18F-FDG uptake, while 177Lu-plerixafor exhibited high CXCR4 binding affinity and cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells, emphasizing its potential as a theranostic agent (Lakhanpal et al., 2022).