However, GSPE increased antioxidant capacity, improved renal function, reduced iron overload, and inhibited iron death and inflammatory responses, thereby ameliorating DKD renal tissue injury and HG-induced HK2 cell injury, and the specific mechanism may be that GSPE inhibited oxidative stress and iron death through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and delayed the development of DKD. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and diabetic kidney disease.