IL-17A, F and AF (each at 20 ng/ml) increased the response to Epo (0.5 U/ml) by 39% ± 1.4%, 21% ± 0.7%, and 46% ± 1.1%, respectively (mean ± SEM, adjusted p value (padj) = 0.02 for each cytokine, Wilcoxon signed-rank test paired by Epo concentration, with Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) correction across cytokines). Here, IL17A is linked to atrial fibrillation.