Studies report that MPs can upregulate efflux transporters (ABCB1/ABCG2) and alter chemotherapeutic susceptibility (Rosellini et al., 2023), enhance metastatic features in breast cancer (Park et al., 2023), promote therapy resistance via ASGR2 in gastric cancer (Kim et al., 2022), and aggravate radiation-induced intestinal injury (Chen Y. et al., 2024). Here, ASGR2 is linked to gastric cancer.