The potential mechanism for protective of Galunisertib in silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis may be attributed to the inhibition of the TGF-β/TRAF6/Beclin1 signaling pathway, which correlates with ameliorating autophagic flux—evidenced by reduced LC3II/I and p62 accumulation. Here, BECN1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.