ERN1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed AUC values of 0.959, 0.983, 0.938, 0.913, and 0.85 for ERN1, MYC, PPARGC1A, SLC11A1, and TLR7, respectively (Figure 5D), supporting their robust diagnostic utility for NAFLD.