To identify potential small-molecule therapeutics for NAFLD, recent clinical trials have shown that Resmetirom effectively reduces hepatic lipid content in NAFLD patients by selectively activating hepatic thyroid hormone receptor β (THR-β), promoting lipid metabolism, decreasing hepatic fat accumulation, and improving insulin sensitivity, while further facilitating the resolution of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) without exacerbating fibrosis (Dutta et al., 2024; Vidal-Cevallos et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.