Building on a structured bone health program established at a major tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Saudi Arabia, this study aims to investigate the incidence of MBD, defined as PTH >18 pmol/L at 4 weeks of age, in preterm infants born at <28 weeks of gestation and <1,000 g birth weight. This evidence concerns the gene PTH and Marchiafava-Bignami disease.