Further, ligand–receptor interactions differed: never‐smokers exhibited CD27+ B cell interactions via LGALS9–HAVCR2/CD44/CD45 and ANXA1–FPR1/FPR2, whereas smokers utilized CD74‐CXCR4/CD44 pathways linked to cancer progression (Figure S18A–C). This evidence concerns the gene PTPRC and cancer.