MAPK1 and neoplasm: In patient 3, the GbPDTO maintained the tumor-like expression of oncogenes including MYC, serine/threonine kinase 2 (AKT2), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), whereas tumor suppressors such as TP53 and neurofibromin 1 (NF1) were comparatively down-regulated (Fig. 2D).