The aforementioned network meta-analysis (Tian et al., 2025) indirectly suggests that VEGF might be beneficial (since in DFUs, VEGF ranked second for healing rate behind EGF), and venous ulcers likely also benefit from angiogenesis; but no formal VEGF trials in VLUs have been published to our knowledge [19]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and varicose ulcer.