DEFA5 and inflammatory bowel disease: In trying to resolve unmet diagnostic delay and ambiguity gapes in colonic IBD, the current study advances our understanding by showing the expression of human alpha defensin 5 (DEFA5 alias HD5) restricted in the colon crypt mucosal lining areas, and it identifies the cells of the small intestine (ileum) “colonic ileal metaplasia” in CC that may serve as a biomarker to characterize/delineate and ascertain authenticity for CC and UC among the IC cohorts, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96 percent [1].