The results revealed that in comparisons of the BC and BC × TB groups with the CK group, Butyricicoccus and Anaerotruncus showed significant negative correlations with serum antioxidant indices (SOD, TAOC, CAT), immune indices (IgA), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, while exhibiting significant positive correlations with pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) (p < 0.05). Here, TNF is linked to tuberculosis.