This expression pattern is consistent with the previously observed changes in IκBα/p65 phosphorylation and expression, collectively indicating that baicalin transiently enhances NF-κB pathway activation and promotes the expression of pro-inflammatory factors at the early stage of infection (24 hpi), but subsequently suppresses pathway activity at the later stage (48 hpi), thereby mitigating the inflammatory response. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and infection.