In this pilot cohort, higher composite FOXP3 + PD-1/CD8 and CD32B/CD19 ratios were each associated with approximately a two-fold increase in the hazard of disease recurrence on Cox analysis, and patients in the higher-ratio groups generally showed shorter DFS, suggesting that a T-cell/Treg-skewed and inhibitory B-cell milieu may favor early relapse in resectable lung adenocarcinoma [36,37,40,41]. Here, CD8A is linked to lung adenocarcinoma.