Human lung carcinoma A549 cells (type II pneumocyte) incubated with SARS-CoV(1)-like particle or its isolated Spike showed the Casein Kinase II-mediate phosphorylation of ACE2 and the activation of the Ras-ERK (extracellular regulated kinase)-AP1 pathway [123]. The gene discussed is ACE2; the disease is lung carcinoma.