Each represents a distinct facet of OSA pathophysiology: CSPG4 as a surface antigen primarily associated with tumor cell-intrinsic malignant properties, xCT as a central metabolic and immunometabolic node sustaining redox balance, metabolic fitness, and immune suppression, and TLR2 as a dual regulator that supports tumor cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance while also shaping the TME. Here, TLR2 is linked to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.