More recently, the Dual Role of Interferon-Gamma in Melanoma was reviewed by Wawrzyniak & Hartman, who emphasize that IFN-γ is not a purely beneficial mediator: although its presence is often favorable (driving antigen presentation, T-cell recruitment, and cytotoxicity), chronic or dysregulated IFN signaling may contribute to immune exhaustion or upregulation of resistance pathways (for instance JAK/STAT pathway defects) that blunt responsiveness to therapy [102]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and melanoma.