TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: For instance, a multi-strain probiotic formulation (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14, L. casei Lc-11, Lactococcus lactis Ll-23, Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04, and B. bifidum Bb-06) significantly reduced inflammatory biomarkers such as leukocyte count, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RA patients [11].