KLF2 and atherosclerosis: For instance, the downregulation of KLF2 promotes endothelial inflammasome activation and contributes to atherosclerotic lesion formation [17], while KLF4 inhibits the dedifferentiation of VSMCs from a contractile to a mesenchymal-like phenotype, and is associated with several pro-inflammatory genes that promote the development of atherosclerosis [18].