These signals recruit and polarize macrophages and neutrophils, activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which elevates IL-1β and IL-18 and promotes a tumor-supportive microenvironment in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract [109]. Here, NLRP3 is linked to neoplasm.