Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation driven by adipose-derived cytokines/adipokines (e.g., interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP)) and immune remodeling in adipose tissue [107,108]. Here, SERPINE1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.