In conclusion, our study highlights the distinct and sometimes opposing roles of SOX family members in NSCLC progression, with SOX7 and SOX30 acting as putative tumor suppressors, while SOX17 and SOX18 may promote oncogenic and angiogenic programs, particularly through cooperation with p-STAT3, MEF2C, and VCAM1. Here, VCAM1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.