NFKB1 and diabetic kidney disease: However, clinical evidence remains extremely scarce—only one small-sample clinical study has suggested the safety profile of silibinin [109]; two key issues persist: first, drugs targeting NLRP3 are restricted to animal studies; second, drugs targeting NF-κB lack dose–response investigations; and third, clinical application scenarios (early-to-mid vs. late-stage DKD) remain undefined for both classes of drugs.