HNF1A and diabetes mellitus: Our data are in agreement with these findings because PHE was higher in T1DM DBS samples compared to HC and, even if, no significant differences were found between T1DM + and T1DM- patients, a slight increase of PHE was revealed in T1DM samples with IR or “double diabetes” (see Fig. 5 and Table S3), as some single nucleotide polymorphisms of HNF1A gene increase the susceptibility to T2DM or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [58].