For example, pathways such as PTEN Signaling, PPAR Signaling, Pulmonary Healing Signaling Pathway, and several immune- and signaling-related pathways (e.g., Oxytocin Signaling, NOTCH2, VEGF Signaling, and Pulmonary Fibrosis Idiopathic Signaling) were commonly upregulated or downregulated in MWCNT-7-ADC and 7 μm DWCNT-ADC but not altered in 1.5 μm DWCNT-ADC. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.