TGFB1 and breast carcinoma: In breast cancer, CAF-derived TGF-β1 induces HOTAIR—a long non-coding RNA that recruits polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)/ enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to deposit the repressive histone mark H3K27me3—which directs H3K27me3 to the CDK5RAP1 and early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) promoters, lowering their expression and associating with higher Cdk5 levels and pro-metastatic EMT [153].