For example, Ascorbate degradation (genes: ulaC, ulaG, ulaE), beta-Alanine degradation (gene: K00822, metabolite: beta-Alanine), Propanoyl-CoA metabolism (genes: prpC, acnB, prpB), Glycolysis (genes: HK, pfkA, ALDO, gapN (NADP+)), Production of Acetyl-CoA (genes: DLAT, aceF, pdhC, aceE, paaF, GCDH, gcdH, fadB)) were increased in CRC groups. Here, PAAF1 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.