CYP7A1 and Disorder of lipid metabolism: PXR dysfunction in the liver is a critical factor in lipid metabolic disorders (22, 23), as the receptor maintains lipid homeostasis through three primary mechanisms: inhibiting lipid synthesis by downregulating key enzymes such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) (24) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (25), promoting fatty acid β-oxidation by enhancing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) pathways (26), and regulating bile acid metabolism by modulating rate-limiting enzymes like cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) (27, 28).