Our observation that EHEC O157 OMVs caused acute kidney failure in mice through tubular epithelial damage, without inducing glomerular TMA—which underlies acute kidney failure in EHEC-HUS patients (Tarr et al., 2005; Obrig, 2010)—is in agreement with studies that used purified Stx2 in mice (Palermo et al., 2000; Porubsky et al., 2014) or oral infection with Stx2-producing EHEC strains (Wadolkowski et al., 1990; Mohawk et al., 2010). Here, STX2 is linked to hemolytic-uremic syndrome.