Obesity-related hormones also demonstrated robust group × time effects (Figures 2E–G): leptin (F (1, 20) = 78.011, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.796) and adiponectin (F (1, 20) = 68.594, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.774), whereas insulin did not (F (1, 20) = 2.291, p = 0.146, ηp2 = 0.103). Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.