FOS and colitis: The results revealed that EEN combined with prebiotic treatments showed more benefits in alleviating DSS-induced colitis than EEN treatment, among which FOS exhibited superior efficacy, including reducing disease activity index (DAI) (8.67 ± 0.52 vs 9.67 ± 0.82) and preventing colon shortening (7.23 ± 0.33 vs 6.43 ± 0.28 cm).