XDH and hyperuricemia: Recognizing these factors is crucial, as their presence may warrant prophylactic measures prior to initiating antitumor therapy, including vigorous intravenous hydration to promote renal excretion, the use of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol) or urate oxidase agents (e.g., rasburicase) to prevent hyperuricemia, and frequent monitoring of electrolytes and renal function [1].