Surprisingly, inflammation-associated pathways were not differentially affected: expression of genes coding for acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins, Saa1 and Saa2, which are upregulated in response to acute inflammation and associated with type 2 diabetes, was reduced, whereas expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Il6 and Il1β was not significant (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene SAA1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.