XK and viral infectious disease: NA binding antibody landscape analysis using the acute and convalescent sera collected from seasonal influenza infections showed that A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in the 2023-24 season not only boosted N1 binding antibodies to recent circulating seasonal A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, it also induced significant rises in N1 binding antibodies to both 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses (AW/2021 and A/Texas/37/2024) (p < 0.05) (Fig. 6a), whereas A(H3N2) virus infection did not boost significant rises in N1 binding antibodies to A(H5N1) (p>0.05) (Fig. 6b).