Among females with BMI <85th percentile, those with PCOS (n = 27) had earlier age at peak height velocity [β = -.57 years; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.96, -0.18], higher Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (β = .77, 95% CI 0.23, 1.30), and lower adiponectin-leptin ratio (β = -.35, 95% CI -0.65, -0.06) vs without PCOS. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and Insulin resistance.