TGFB1 and Nephropathy: There are many mediators contribute to the development of nephropathy, such as the signaling pathways of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), p53 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).