STAR and congenital adrenal hyperplasia: For example, mutations in Star, an important factor that guides cholesterol into the mitochondria to initiate the steroid synthesis pathway, can result in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) (33), but modulations to Cyp11a1, the next protein to facilitate the synthesis of steroid hormones, can also result in CAH (34), but to a different degree (Figure 1).