VEGFA and neoplasm: From the perspective of molecular pathophysiology, there is a complex interplay between diabetes-related metabolic disorders and the tumor microenvironment: The hyperglycemic state can promote tumor angiogenesis by activating the VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway while inducing the upregulation of PDGFR and FGFR pathways, thereby forming a vicious cycle that promotes tumor growth (35).