AIMP1 and myeloid sarcoma: Despite promising preclinical data, tRNA-centric diagnostics and therapeutics face significant hurdles (1): Biomarker Validation: Plasma tsRNAs (e.g., tRF-36-PJB7MNLE308HP1B in MS) and AIMP1 in NMOSD require standardization across platforms and validation in diverse, multiethnic cohorts to avoid confounding factors like age, sex, or comorbidities (10, 67) (2).