TNF and Parkinson disease: Amin et al. (55) further demonstrated that in models of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, EGCG exerts neuroprotective effects via NF-κB signaling inhibition by blocking IκBα phosphorylation and suppressing p65 nuclear translocation, thus downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β and reducing dopaminergic neuronal loss and motor dysfunction.