TNF and Insulin resistance: Activated Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway and enhanced the expression of intracellular antioxidant enzymes, thus scavenged free radicals and reduced oxidative stress.Inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6) and reduced the activation of NF-Κbd.Inhibited α-amylase activity to lower blood glucose and improved high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders.