Specifically, propionate upregulates HECTD2, promotes the degradation of euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2), and reduces H3K9me2 levels in the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 1 (TNFAIP1) promoter region, thereby increasing TNFAIP1 expression and inducing apoptosis in CRC cells 83. This evidence concerns the gene TNFAIP1 and colorectal carcinoma.