We have recently shown that overexpression of TDP-43 in the hypothalamus using adeno associated viral (AAV) vectors led to similar neuropathology as observed in clinical cases with ALS including atrophy of the hypothalamus with loss of neuropeptide populations expressing orexin (hypocretin), oxytocin and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) [33, 34]. Here, PMCH is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.