The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in various inflammatory diseases, and active components of TCMs, such as rhubarb-free anthraquinone, echinatin, gentiopicroside, Ginger essential oil, Paeonol, and Panaxydol, inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome to improve liver inflammation in NAFLD [238–244]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is inflammation.