TGFB1 and cancer: Specifically, CMS1 displays an immune system signature, CMS2 represents an epithelial-like cancer characterized by the activation of Wnt and c-Myc signaling pathways, CMS3 shows metabolic deregulation, and CMS4 displays a mesenchymal phenotype with remarkable upregulation of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), matrix remodeling pathway, and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling [38].