IGF2BP3 and male infertility: Due to the cytoplasmic localization of IGF2BP3 in testes and the initial defects in round spermatids, we performed RNA-seq and ribosome nascent-chain complex sequencing (RNC-seq) on haploid round spermatids from Igf2bp3+/− and Igf2bp3−/− testes to dissect the post-transcriptional and translational regulatory mechanism(s) underlying male infertility caused by IGF2BP3 knockout (Fig. 4D; Appendix Fig. S3C–F).