BRCA1 and breast carcinoma: Many of the genes more broken in BRCAmut are known proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (Fig. 2B; p < 1.7*10−6, one-sided Fisher’s exact test; Supplementary Fig. 2B); notably, TP53, an established tumor suppressor, was found to be more broken and is also commonly mutated in BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutated breast cancer [35].