Interesting, while global SUMOylation inhibition sensitized renal cells to apoptosis in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxic [17], and SENP1 deficiency exacerbated cisplatin-induced renal damage [26], our study reveals a cytoprotective role for SUMO2/3-modified ASS1 in SENP3-deficient IRI-AKI model, underscoring the complex and substrate-specific nature of SUMOylation in renal pathophysiology. The gene discussed is SENP3; the disease is acute kidney injury.