NPPB and diabetes mellitus: Among patients with both COPD and CHD, patients in the hyperglycemia group had lower smoking index, higher prevalence of diabetes, lower eosinophil percentage (Eos%), notably elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, reduced albumin (ALB) levels, and higher incidence of fungal positivity than patients in the normal blood glucose group (p < 0.05).